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• They[algae, fungi and mosses] lack the vascular tissues; thus, they are called thallophytes. Algae are thallophytes with chlorophyll.[...]Fungi are thallophytes without chlorophyll.
• In general, the usefulness of the thallophytes as Hg bioindicators was limited by their sporadic occurrence in the forest environment. Because of the importance of the thallophytes as components of the food chain, however, several samples from different groups (summarized in Table 2) were collected for comparison with values reported in the literature.
• Fossile records along with molecular, cytological and morphological phylogenetic work favour a single origin of land plants from charophycean thallophytes, and indicate that several major lineages of vascular plants had evolved more than 400 million years ago.