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Substantiivit

1. (statistics) A statistical measure defined as \scriptstyle\operatorname{Cov}(X, Y) = \operatorname{E}((X - μ) (Y - ν)) given two real-valued random variables X and Y, with expected values \scriptstyle E(X)\,=\,μ and \scriptstyle E(Y)\,=\,ν.
2. (computing, programming) The conversion of data types from wider to narrower in certain situations.