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The process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water.

Reverse osmosis desalination plant in Barcelona, Spain

The process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water.

Schematic of a multistage flash desalinator A – steam in B – seawater in C – potable water out D – brine out (waste) E – condensate out F – heat exchange G – condensation collection (desalinated water) H – brine heater The pressure vessel acts as a countercurrent heat exchanger. A vacuum pump lowers the pressure in the vessel to facilitate the evaporation of the heated seawater (brine) which enters the vessel from the right side (darker shades indicate lower temperature). The steam condenses on the pipes on top of the vessel in which the fresh sea water moves from the left to the right.

The process of removing salt from sea water in order to make drinking water.

Schematic representation of a typical desalination plant using reverse osmosis. Hybrid desalination plants using liquid nitrogen freeze thaw in conjunction with reverse osmosis have been found to improve efficiency.