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(biochemistry) A toxic cyclic peptide obtained from the mushroom Amanita phalloides

Skeletal formula of phalloidin, a bicyclic heptapeptide produced by the death cap mushroom Amanita phalloides Structure determined by NMR spectroscopy & X-ray crystallography, reported in Chem. Eur. J. (2019) 25, 8030–8034

(biochemistry) A toxic cyclic peptide obtained from the mushroom Amanita phalloides

Phalloidin belongs to a class of toxins called phallotoxins, which are found in the death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides). It is a rigid bicyclic heptapeptide that is lethal after a few days when injected into the bloodstream. The major symptom of phalloidin poisoning is acute hunger due to the destruction of liver cells. It functions by binding and stabilizing filamentous actin (F-actin) and effectively prevents the depolymerization of actin fibers. Due to its tight and selective binding to F-actin, derivatives of phalloidin containing fluorescent tags are used widely in microscopy to visualize F-actin in biomedical research.

(biochemistry) A toxic cyclic peptide obtained from the mushroom Amanita phalloides

Fluorescent phalloidin (red) marking actin filaments in endothelial cells